{"id":535,"date":"2023-05-29T19:18:24","date_gmt":"2023-05-29T17:18:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vinissime.fr\/blog\/?p=535"},"modified":"2023-05-29T20:47:10","modified_gmt":"2023-05-29T18:47:10","slug":"pas-de-vigne-sans-eau-le-stress-hydrique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vinissime.fr\/blog\/pas-de-vigne-sans-eau-le-stress-hydrique\/","title":{"rendered":"Pas de vigne sans eau"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le stress hydrique est une cause de souffrance de la vigne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

De la m\u00eame fa\u00e7on que \u00ab\u00a0Il faut souffrir pour \u00eatre beau\u00a0\u00bb, selon le dicton \u00ab\u00a0la vigne doit peiner pour donner du bon vin\u00a0\u00bb. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais il y a peiner, et peiner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le r\u00f4le de l’eau dans le cycle de vie de la plante<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La vigne est une liane dont les racines plongent loin dans le sous-sol. Elles arrivent presque toujours \u00e0 trouver l\u2019eau dont la partie a\u00e9rienne a besoin. Mais en cas de manque de pluie prolong\u00e9, les nappes phr\u00e9atiques s’\u00e9puisent. Ce manque d’eau engendre ce que l\u2019on appelle le stress hydrique de la vigne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Le<\/figure>
\n

L\u2019eau de pluie p\u00e9n\u00e8tre dans le sol qui contient les sels min\u00e9raux. Elle s\u2019enrichit de ces sels et passe,\u00a0par les radicelles, dans la s\u00e8ve qui monte jusqu\u2019aux feuilles puis aux fleurs et aux fruits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’alimentation hydrique de la vigne est d\u00e9terminante pour le fonctionnement physiologique de base de la plante (croissance v\u00e9g\u00e9tative et photosynth\u00e8se). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce petit sch\u00e9ma permet de le comprendre (source Botarela.fr<\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Le r\u00f4le de l’eau est donc primordial durant tous les stades de d\u00e9veloppement v\u00e9g\u00e9tatif et reproductif de la vigne. Il influence directement la qualit\u00e9 du vin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A surface foliaire \u00e9quivalente, la quantit\u00e9 d\u2019eau n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 la vigne reste moins importante que pour une c\u00e9r\u00e9ale, une fleur ou un arbre fruitier. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les effets du stress hydrique<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Si le d\u00e9ficit hydrique est mod\u00e9r\u00e9, la croissance des ramifications est inhib\u00e9e. Les stomates (pores des feuilles permettant les \u00e9changes gazeux), se ferment progressivement. Les \u00e9changes gazeux trop r\u00e9duits limitent la photosynth\u00e8se et tout le m\u00e9tabolisme de la plante.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un fort stress hydrique a des cons\u00e9quences sur les rendements et la qualit\u00e9 du raisin plusieurs ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s que la vigne ait subi ce stress. Un stress hydrique trop fort entra\u00eene la chutes de feuilles, l\u2019avortement des fleurs et une maturation incompl\u00e8te des fruits. Et \u00e0 long terme, les successions de stress hydrique, menacent la p\u00e9rennit\u00e9 de la vigne.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On voit donc bien tout l\u2019enjeu que repr\u00e9sente l\u2019eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plus d\u2019eau plus de vigne, plus de vigne plus de vin, plus de vin\u2026 plus de vin\u00a0!\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tous les c\u00e9pages ne sont pas \u00e9gaux devant le stress hydrique. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Chardonnay<\/a>, par exemple, craint la s\u00e9cheresse, plus que le Pinot noir<\/a> (source Vitisph\u00e8re.fr).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nous aurons s\u00fbrement l’occasion de revenir sur ce sujet de l\u2019eau, et sur les diff\u00e9rentes m\u00e9thodes mises en \u0153uvre par les vignerons en France et dans le monde pour palier la s\u00e9cheresse. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le stress hydrique est une cause de souffrance de la vigne. De la m\u00eame fa\u00e7on que \u00ab\u00a0Il faut souffrir pour \u00eatre beau\u00a0\u00bb, selon le dicton \u00ab\u00a0la vigne doit peiner pour donner du bon vin\u00a0\u00bb. Mais il y a peiner, et peiner. Le r\u00f4le de l’eau dans le cycle de vie de la plante La vigne […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":536,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[58],"class_list":["post-535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","tag-culture-de-la-vigne"],"yoast_head":"\nStress hydrique - Pas de vigne sans eau - Le Blog de Vinissime<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Actualit\u00e9s - Le stress hydrique a des cons\u00e9quences sur le rendement, la qualit\u00e9 et la p\u00e9rennit\u00e9 de la vigne.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/vinissime.fr\/blog\/pas-de-vigne-sans-eau-le-stress-hydrique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Stress hydrique - 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